Rebuilding Self-Esteem and Self-Trust After Emotional Abuse

Anna Drescher Anna Drescher is a mental health writer and editor with a background in psychology, psychotherapy, and hypnotherapy.

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9 minute read
Clinically reviewed by
Saima Latif, PhD Saima Latif, PhD, is a chartered psychologist, researcher, and integrative therapist trained in CBT, EMDR, and clinical hypnotherapy, working worldwide as a coach and consultant.

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Fact-checked against current peer-reviewed research. 

Rebuild self-esteem

The effects of an emotionally abusive relationship can linger even after it ends.

You might question your memory and decisions or wonder whether you’re somehow responsible for what happened. Perhaps you no longer feel like the person you were before the relationship.

Emotional abuse can change the way you see and relate to yourself. Even subtle and nonphysical forms of abuse can contribute to self-doubt, lower self-worth, and difficulty trusting your own judgment (Parkinson et al., 2024).

Recovery takes time, but with the right support and some tools, it’s possible. In this post, I’ll explore the effects of emotional abuse and how to rebuild self-esteem and self-trust.

How Emotional Abuse Can Affect Self-Esteem and Self-Trust

Emotional abuse undermines your self-esteem and sense of self-worth, leaving you feeling less confident in yourself and your own abilities (Güler et al., 2022). Types of emotional abuse can include criticism, humiliation, manipulation, intimidation, isolation, controlling behavior, and gaslighting.

Over time, these experiences can influence how you see and relate to yourself. You might begin to internalize messages like:

“I’m too sensitive.”

“I never make good decisions.”

“Everything is my fault”.

“Nobody else would want me.”

The abuser’s voice can start sounding remarkably similar to your own—your inner critic’s voice.

Reported impacts include (Parkinson et al., 2024):

  • Self-doubt
  • Loss of confidence and self-worth
  • Confusion
  • Self-blame
  • Difficulty trusting your own judgment

Gaslighting can particularly affect self-trust when someone repeatedly challenges or undermines your perception of reality. When a partner challenges your memories, it can reduce confidence in those memories and affect self-perception (Darke et al., 2025). That may help explain why you keep thinking, “But what if I’m wrong?” even after the relationship has ended.

So, your doubts aren’t necessarily evidence that your judgment is unreliable. But they may reflect what you learned in a relationship where your perceptions, feelings, or decisions are repeatedly questioned.

Moving From Self-Blame to Self-Compassion

How to rebuild self-trustSelf-blame is a common reaction to having experienced abuse. You may ask, “Why did I stay?” “Why didn’t I see it sooner?” or “Why didn’t I stand up for myself?”

But this line of questioning overlooks an important point: You’re looking back with information and perspective that you probably didn’t have at the time.

Also, emotional abuse develops over time and isn’t always that easy to recognize. Manipulation can also cloud your judgment and make it harder to see reality (Parkinson et al., 2024).

So, instead of asking, “Why did I let this happen?” try asking, “What made this situation difficult to recognize or leave at the time?”

Maybe there was love, hope, fear, financial dependence, children, isolation, or promises that things would change. Understanding the circumstances helps you put the responsibility where it belongs.

Self-compassion can be helpful when you notice self-blame or harsh criticism like, “It happened to me because I’m stupid.” Rather than ignoring what happened or insisting everything is your fault, self-compassion means responding to your suffering with understanding rather than judgment.

A helpful anchor can be to consider how you would respond to someone you cared about who told you the same story.

Research supports this approach. A 2023 meta-analysis found that self-compassion interventions produced small-to-medium reductions in depression, anxiety, and stress (Han & Kim, 2023).

Another trial involving women who had experienced intimate partner violence found that a self-compassion and empowerment intervention reduced self-judgment compared with a control condition (Li et al., 2024).

How to Trust Yourself Again: 4 Tips

Learning how to trust yourself again takes time and doesn’t always follow a linear path. It’s normal to feel better some days and worse on others. So, it might help to think of self-trust less as a goal and more as something you practice.

1. Start with small decisions

Emotional abuse can make decision-making surprisingly difficult. So, start with low-stakes decisions, for example, What do you want to eat? Do you actually want to go out tonight? Which movie do you want to watch?

Notice if your mind immediately asks what you should choose or what someone else would prefer. Then gently bring your attention back to what you want.

2. Listen to your internal signals

It can be harder to trust your reactions after emotional abuse. You may notice that “I didn’t like that” is quickly followed by “Maybe I’m being too sensitive.”

Practice noticing your initial responses before trying to explain them away.

“That made me uncomfortable.”

“I enjoy spending time with this person.”

“I need some space.”

That doesn’t mean you have to act on every feeling or assume that your initial interpretation is always correct. It’s about treating your feelings as information worth considering and taking your own experiences seriously. ‌

3. Keep small promises to yourself

Self-trust grows through evidence. For example, if you decide to leave a social event when you’re tired, follow through. If you’ve decided not to answer work messages in the evening, respect your own boundary.

Each time you listen to yourself, you’re reinforcing the idea that your needs and decisions matter.

4. Keep a decision journal

Sometimes our memories aren’t as reliable as we think, so keeping a diary can be helpful. Write down important decisions you’ve made, what informed them, and how they turned out. You could also note your initial interpretation, how your body felt, and any other internal signals.

We all make mistakes sometimes, and nobody always makes the right decisions. The aim here is to build evidence that you can think through things, cope when something doesn’t go according to plan, and make decisions independently. It may also show you what happens when you trust your intuition.

Rebuilding Self-Esteem After Emotional Abuse: 4 Starting Points

Rebuild your self-respectSelf-esteem is about recognizing your own worth, which can become worn down when you’re repeatedly criticized, belittled, blamed, or made to feel inadequate.

Research continues to find associations between abuse and lower self-esteem (Taccini et al., 2024).

Rebuilding your self-esteem doesn’t mean you have to force yourself to believe you’re brilliant. It’s a process that can take time, just like rebuilding self-trust.

Reconnect with yourself

After emotional abuse, many people feel like a “shadow” of themselves or like they don’t know who they are anymore. It can be helpful to think about activities, interests, friendships, or goals you had before the relationship. Ask:

  • What did you enjoy before this relationship?
  • Which parts of yourself became quieter or smaller?
  • What matters to you?
  • When do you feel most like yourself?

Question the voice

When you notice harsh judgment from that internal critic, ask, “Where did I learn this about myself?”

Perhaps you were called selfish for setting a boundary or too sensitive for recognizing when something hurt. You don’t have to accept somebody else’s interpretation of you.

Create an evidence list

Positive affirmations work for some people, but they can feel unconvincing when your self-esteem is low. Instead, try collecting concrete evidence.

Write down things you’ve handled well, qualities you’ve shown, moments you’ve acted according to your values, or genuine compliments people have given you. For example:

“I asked for help when I needed it.”

“I gave my friend the space to talk today, and they appreciated it.”

“I set a boundary even though it felt uncomfortable.”

“Someone told me I was generous.”

Practice self-respect

When “love yourself” feels overused or out of reach, try self-respect instead.

Respecting yourself means looking after yourself by, for example, getting enough sleep, spending time with people who treat you well, saying no when you mean no, or pursuing something that’s meaningful to you.

Sometimes behaving as though you’re worthy of care comes before fully feeling it.

Self-compassion exercises may also help by reducing self-criticism and strengthening your capacity for self-soothing (Vidal & Soldevilla, 2023).

And don’t feel like you have to do it all by yourself. Supportive relationships, domestic abuse services, and therapy can provide opportunities to have your experiences taken seriously and practice trusting your own perspective again.

A Take-Home Message

Rebuilding your self-esteem after abuse and improving your self-trust doesn’t mean you always have to be confident and never doubt yourself again. That’s part of being human.

The important part is not letting your former partner’s treatment of you determine your worth or allowing their version of you to become your own.

Slowly but surely, you can heal and find your way back to yourself through small acts like questioning self-critical thoughts, making your own decisions, and setting boundaries.

What’s next?

Sometimes the scars left by emotional abuse runs far deeper than the scars from physical abuse. But healing is possible. If you are in an unhealthy relationship, look for these red flags.

References

  • Darke, L., Paterson, H., & van Golde, C. (2025). Gaslighting and memory: The effects of partner-led challenges on recall and self-perception. Memory, 33(7), 828–844. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2025.2533253
  • Güler, A., Bankston, K., & Smith, C. R. (2022). Self-esteem in the context of intimate partner violence: A concept analysis. Nursing Forum, 57(6), 1484–1490. https://doi.org/10.1111/nuf.12798
  • Han, A., & Kim, T. H. (2023). Effects of self-compassion interventions on reducing depressive symptoms, anxiety, and stress: A meta-analysis. Mindfulness, 14(7), 1553–1581. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-023-02148-x
  • Li, Y., Rhee, H., Bullock, L. F. C., McCaw, B., & Bloom, T. (2024). Self-compassion, health, and empowerment: A pilot randomized controlled trial for Chinese immigrant women experiencing intimate partner violence. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 39(7–8), 1571–1595. https://doi.org/10.1177/08862605231207624
  • Parkinson, R., Jong, S. T., & Hanson, S. (2024). Subtle or covert abuse within intimate partner relationships: A scoping review. Trauma, Violence & Abuse, 25(5), 4090–4101. https://doi.org/10.1177/15248380241268643
  • Taccini, F., Rossi, A. A., & Mannarini, S. (2024). Understanding the role of self-esteem and emotion dysregulation in victims of intimate partner violence. Family Process, 63(4), 2258–2275. https://doi.org/10.1111/famp.12966
  • Vidal, J., & Soldevilla, J. M. (2023). Effect of compassion-focused therapy on self-criticism and self-soothing: A meta-analysis. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 62(1), 70–81. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjc.12394
Anna Drescher
Anna Drescher
Mental Health and Psychology Writer and Editor; Certified Hypnotherapist and Meditation Teacher
Anna Drescher is a mental health writer and editor with a background in psychology and psychotherapy. She is also a certified hypnotherapist and meditation teacher with over 10 years of experience in the mental health sector, including work as an assistant psychologist for the NHS.
Clinically reviewed by
Saima Latif, PhD Saima Latif, PhD, is a chartered psychologist, researcher, and integrative therapist trained in CBT, EMDR, and clinical hypnotherapy, working worldwide as a coach and consultant.
— Chartered Psychologist & Integrative Therapist — to verify accuracy against current research and clinical best practice. Last reviewed 7 Oct 2026.

Take-Away Trio

  • Emotional abuse can change how you see and trust yourself.
  • Replacing self-blame with self-compassion can be an important part of recovery.
  • Whose voice is behind your inner critic?

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